The newest update to the organization’s survey for solar workers and companies shows increasingly drastic outcomes for the solar industry if tariffs are imposed on the countries under investigation.
The Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA) has lowered its solar installation forecasts for 2022 and 2023 by 46% due to the Biden administration’s circumvention case against solar imports from Southeast Asia.
According to an updated analysis based on the organization’s survey for solar workers and companies already affected by the investigation, SEIA has predicted that the case will result in a drop of 24 GW of planned solar capacity over the next two years, which is more solar than the industry installed in all of 2021. In losing this capacity, SEIA also estimates that the United States will emit an additional 364 million metric tons of carbon by 2035, missing the opportunity to effectively take 78 million internal combustion-engine vehicles off the road. By 2025, imposition of tariffs will cause solar capacity to fall 75 GW short of the pace needed to reach the president’s goal, equal to the size of the entire US solar market prior to 2020.
These predictions are based on the assumptions of an affirmative decision on the Auxin petition, with tariffs imposed in the 50% to 250% range; sharply restricted module import supply from countries named in the investigation,with manufacturers in non-named countries needing time to pick up the slack; and the updated results of the impact survey.
According to the most recent publication of SEIA’s survey, with over 700 responses current to April 26, 83% of respondents that purchase or use modules reported cancellations or delays in their module supply agreements. This is up from 75% reports of cancellations or delays when the first results of the survey were released on April 5, with those results stemming from roughly 200 respondents.
Looking geographically at where responses came from, 13 states (Maine, Delaware, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, South Carolina, Alabama, Louisiana, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Idaho, Montana, and North Dakota) had 100% of respondents share that they were experiencing delayed or canceled module supply. Across the nine business segments respondents came from (Residential, Community Solar, Commercial, Utility Scale, Domestic Manufacturing, Importing, Distribution, Finance, and Others), every single segment has at least 85% of respondents reporting that the investigation will have a devastating or severe negative impact on their business in 2022. When domestic manufacturers are removed, that number jumps to 90%.
The impact is not just on solar projects either. 65% of respondents working in energy storage expect the investigation to have a devastating to severe impact on their business as well.
Projects in purgatory
Based on SEIA’s voluntary reporting, responses have outlined to SEIA that a total of 318 utility scale projects accounting for 51 GW of solar capacity and 6 GWh of attached battery storage are being cancelled or delayed. What’s more is that a large percentage of delayed projects could move into the realm of cancelation, as developers don’t know when they might be able to get modules and som delays may drag on to the point of project failure.
With respondent data from 39 states, all but two of those states are reporting utility scale project cancellations and delays above 100 MW in capacity. Leading the pack are Texas, with just over 13 GW of projects at risk, California at 7.5 GW, Ohio at 4.4 GW, Indiana at 3.6 GW, and Illinois at 2.5 GW. The figures are especially problematic for Ohio and Indiana, both of which are states that have historically not been leaders in installing solar, but have hit their stride as of late and had been projected to be two of the most active states across the entire country for development over the next five years.
SEIA shares that these figures also likely only represent a fraction of the investigation’s true impacts. Across the US as a whole, 42% of the known utility scale solar development pipeline has been disrupted. Indiana and Idaho both reported 100% of each state’s known pipeline being disrupted.
In each of those top-five states, every GW of cancelled projects represents roughly $1 billion in investment at risk. The ratio is actually a bit higher in California, where 7.5 GW of at-risk projects account for roughly $8 billion in investment risk.
Jobs at risk
70% of survey respondents report that at least half their solar and storage workforce is at risk and more than 200 companies report that their entire workforce is at risk.
“If tariffs are imposed, in the blink of an eye we’re going to lose 100,000 American solar workers and any hope of reaching the President’s clean energy goals,” said SEIA president and CEO Abigail Ross Hopper. “This would be a monumental loss for our nation, which has the potential to lead our clean energy future, with the right policies. Instead, the Commerce Department is on track to wipe out nearly half of all solar jobs and force a surrender on the President’s climate goals.”
It’s important to clarify that the figure of 100,000 jobs lost also includes new jobs not added, though SEIA asserts that the vast majority would be layoffs of existing workers. 16,000 to 18,000 solar manufacturing jobs would be not realized between 2022-2023 due to the imposition of tariffs, the majority of which would be layoffs. For context, roughly 31,000 people were employed in solar manufacturing in 2020, the most recent year for which survey data is available.
